Power-driven writing machine



0. J. SUNDSTRAND POWER-DRIVEN WRITING MACHINE April 22, 1941.

Filed Dec. 5, 1936 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR OJCAR J. UND5TRAND ('4 ORNEY April 1941- o. J. SUND'STRAND 2,239,023

POWER-DRIVEN WRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 5, 1936 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY OSCAR J. SUNDSTRAND April 22, 1941. o. J, SUNDSTRAND 2,239,023

POWER-DRIVEN WRITING MACHINE I Filed Dec. 5, 1936 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 OSCAR J. SUNDSTRAND ATTORN EY April 22, 1941-. o. J. SUNDSTRAND 2,239,023

POWER-DRIVEN WRITING MACHINE v I Filed Dec. 5; 1936' 7 Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR OSCAR J. SUNDSTRAND ATTORNEY April 22, 1941. o. J. SUNDSTRAND POWEl'i-DRIVEN WRITI NG MACHINE 7 she ts-swath Filed Dec. 5, 1856 INVENTOR OSCAR J. SUNDSTRAND a IIIIIIIIIJIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 4 lllI/I/llll ATTORNEY April 22, 1941. o. J. SUNDSTRAND 2,239,023

POWER-DRIVEN WRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 5, 1936 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOR 0504/; J. sm/05mm) ATTORNEY of the invention;

Patented Apr. 22, 1941 2,239,023 POWER-DRIVEN warms monmn Oscar J. Sundstrand, Bi-idgeport, Com, assignor to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a, corporation of Delaware Application December 5, 1936, Serial No. 114,416

4'! Claims.

This invention relatesto power-driven writing machines.

Certain important objects of the invention are' to improve the construction and mode of operation of the mechanism of typewriting machines for operating the type bars or corresponding elements by power.

' Another object of the invention is to produce a mechanism for actuating the type bars of a typewriting machine by power in which mechanically applied power is transmitted to the driven element in a manner as nearly simulating a manual key operation as is possible.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism for operating the type bars of a typewriting machine by power which is particularly adapted for use on a fiat platen machine of the Elliott Fisher type in which the type are projected downwardly upon the work sheets lying in a substantially horizontal position on the platen.

To these and other ends, the invention con-' sists in certain novel features and combinations of parts, all of which will be more fully described hereinafter, and particularly pointed out in the claims. In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a flatbed typewriting machine equipped with one embodiment Fig. 2 is a side view of the same;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail side view of a type bar action and key in normal position;

Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the parts in their operated positions, at the point of disengagement of the type bar action from the poweractuated driving element;

.;Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail view in side elevation, showing the positions of the type bar action and key at the instant when the type bar action is engaged with the power-actuated driving element:

Fig, 6 is a similar view, showing the positions of the parts at the end of a printing operation,

- when the key has been held depressed;

the pawl when transmitting motion from the driving element to the type bar action;

Fig. 9 is a detail top plan view, partly broken Fig. 10 is a similar view, two keys having been simultaneously depressed to equal extents;

Fig. 11 is a detail sectional view in side elevation, showing the control of the usual escapement mechanism ,by the letter space bar;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary rear perspective showing the power transmission from the motor to the drive member for the type bar action;

Fig. 13 is a detail perspective view of the bed I Fig. 14 is a detail horizontal sectional view of the traveling pulley forming part of the power transmission.

Th'eiiiivention is applicable to writing machines of both ,the' round and fiat platen types, but is conveniently illustrated as applied to the wellknown Elliott-Fisher flatbed typewriting machine wherein the platen 10 is mounted between a pair of parallel rails ll, having suitable cross braces, one of which is shown at H.

A hollow rectangular line spacing carriage 13 extends between the parallel rails II on which it is mounted for back and forth travel over the platen III, the front and rear bars ll of the line space carriage forming tracks for a traveling key carriage l5 equip d with front and rear wheels I 6 resting on the tracks.

The key carriage I5 is arranged to travel across the platen from side to side in letter spacing direction and return.

A spring drum l1, (Fig. 1), urges the key carriage in letter spacing direction, the carriage being fed step by step by an escapement indicated at 33, (Figs. 3 and 11), of the type shown in Patent 1,203,519, under control of the manually operable keys I8 arranged in banks in the usual manner on the key carriage.

Reference is made to U. S. patents to Foothorap, No. 1,203,519, October 31, 1916, directed to the letter spacing feature; No. 1,251,361, December 25, 1917, showing the type action, partly utilized in the present invention; and No. 1,904,127, April 18, 1933, showing a motorized key carriage and line space frame.

The key carriage I5 is provided with a ribbon mechanism, column tabulating mechanism, line finder and other equipment, customarily applied to typewriting machines.

Power drive Power from a motor I00, (Figs. 1, 2 and 12), similar to that shown in U. S. Letters Patent to Foothorap, 1,904,127, heretofore referred to, is utilized to return the key carriage I5 towards the beginning of a line, and to shift the line bracket structure IOI. A gear I08 on the counvfer-shaft I05 meshes with a second gear I08 on a stub shaft I09 Journaled in the bracket structure IOI and lying parallel with and below the counter-shaft I01.

For the purposes of the present invention which has no direct bearing on the motor-driven key carriage return, or the power driven line space frame, it may be understood that a bevel gear H0 near the forward end of the stub shaft I09 is in mesh with a second bevel gear III fast on a drive shaft II2 extending across the line space frame I3 and suitably iournaled in brackets II3 projecting upwardly from the 'rear ends of the side bars of the line space frame.

Unlike the arrangement disclosed in Patent No.

1,904,127, the present motor'is directly connected with a suitable source of power through a main switch II4, (Fig. 2), (like that numbered 209, Figs. 29 and of Patent No. 1,904,127),

to run constantly as long as the main switch is 30 closed.

The left hand end of the drive shaft H2 is projected some distance beyondthe left hand bracket H3 and supports a drive pulley II5 fast near its outer end. A belt II! connects the pulley II5 with a second pulley. II1 faston the outer end of a non-cylindrical Jack shaft II8 lying parallel with the drive shaft II2. y Y The outer end of the jack shaft H9 is :lournaled in the laterally turned ear 9 of a brace '40 I20 projecting outwardly from the adjacent bracket II9, a spacing piece I2I extending rearwardly from the brace I20 and having a' hearing I22 in which the projecting outer end of the drive shaft H2 is steadied, to prevent vibration. 4:,

The jack shaft II8 extends some distance across the space between the rails II, its inner or right hand end being journaled in a bearing I23 carried at the forward end of a hanger I24,

(Fig. 3), fastened at its rear end to the rear line space frame track bar I4.

A vertically-arranged sub-frame I25 (Figs. 1, 2 and 12) fastened to the left side of the key carriage I5 to travel therewith, carries at its lower end a laterally projecting tubular bearing I28 on which a traveling pulley wheel I21 is rotatably supported. (See Fig. 14.) A collar I350 having a non-*circular bore to slidingly fit over the non-cylindrical Jack shaft H8 is fast with the pulley I21 to enable the shaft to rotate the pulley. The shaft passes through the tubular bearing to its hanger I24, as above explained.

A belt I28 connects the traveling pulley I21 with a pulley I29 fast on the projecting left hand end of a fluted or toothed shaft or drive member I30 journaled in the side brackets 28, mounted on and extending upwardly from the cover plate 22 extending between the side frames 90 and closing the upper end of the key carriage.

An idler I3I is journaled in an idler frame' I32 pivotally supported on a stud I33 mounted on the sub-frame I25 and having a head I34 of irregular shape to extend over the outer. or left hand end of the traveling pulley I21, a spring I35 operating to press the idler against one 7 course of the belt I28 to maintain the belt taut.

The head I34 of the stud I33 extends over the outer end of the traveling pulley I21 and, by the engagement of the head of the stud and the lower end of the sub-frame I25 with the opposite'ends of the traveling pulley, the pulley is shifted along the jack shaft I I8 during the movements of the key carriage, the head preventing the traveling pulley from slipping off the bearing I28. I

The. leftward extensions of drive shaft H2 and the jack shaft II8 are provided because of the extent of travel of the key carriage I5. When the key carriage is at the beginning of a line at its limit of leftward travel, the traveling pulley -I21 is near the left hand drive pulley H1. The

traveling pulley I21 accompanies the key carriage as the latter travels in letter spacing direction, and return, due to its confinement between the sub-frame I25 and the head I34 of the stud I33.

So also, the jack shaft II8 extends to the right a suiiicient distance to enable the traveling pulley I21 to accompany the key carriage I5 to its limit of movement in such direction.

Obviously, energization of the motor I00 will cause -the transmission of power through the armature shaft I03, worm I02, worm wheel I04, counter shaft I05, transmission gears I06, I08, stub shaft I09 and bevel gears IIO, III to rotate the drive shaft H2 and drive pulley II5, the belt IIB transmitting rotation to the jack shaft II8, through the fast pulley II1 on the latter shaft. And rotation of the jack shaft II8 will be transmitted through the travelling pulley I21, belt I28, and pulley I29 to the fluted or toothed drive member I30. The drive member I30, in, turn, imparts a power stroke to the type bar actions, as follows: Key action This portion ofthe invention is illustrated as applied to the down-strike key action of the well-known Elliott-Fisher machine, as shown in Foothorap patent, No. 1,251,361, hereinbefore referred to. As much of the patented structure as possible has been retained to reduce the expense of converting the former manually operable key actions into power-driven key actions.

However, much of the type bar linkage disclosed in the above-named patent would be eliminated in other styles of machines.

The Elliott-Fisher key carriage I5 is provided with a horizontally arranged deck 4I located beneath the keyboard, a semi-circular type bar ring 42 being suspended by struts 43 some distance below the deck, and just above the platen I0, the superposed deck being recessed at its forward edge in substantial register with the type bar ring.

A series of type bar hangers 44 are secured alternately to the upper and lower faces of the type bar ring 42, all as shown in Patent No. 1,251,361, type bars 45 being pivotally secured near one end at 48 to the respective hangers, the opposite free ends of which type bars carry types 41.

Suitably anchored retracting springs 48 connected at their lower ends with the respective type bars 45 yieldingly retain the type bars in, and return them to, their normal vertical positions wherein the free ends of the bars contact a semi-circular buffer ring 49 mounted above the level of the deck 4| on posts 50 projecting upwardly from the type ring 42 through the semicircu ar recess formed in the front edge of the deck.

Iurn buckle links connect the tails of the respective type bars 45 with elbow levers 52 individual thereto and journaled in bifurcated hangers 53 depending from the deck 4|.

Links 54 connect the elbow levers 52 below the deck 4| with the forward ends of sub-levers 55, each of which is pivoted on its individual fulcrum stud supported on a bracket 56 projecting upwardly from the deck and arranged for rotary adjustment to enable the sub-levers to be correctly positionedto transmit motion from the parallel horizontally arranged intermediate levers 58 to their respective type bars 45 arranged in a semi-circle around the type bar ring 42.

Push rods 51 connect the rear ends of the sub-levers 55 with the parallel intermediate levers 58 extending from front to rear of the key carriage, the rear ends of the intermediate levers being journaled on a fulcrum bar 59 extending across the rear of the key carriage and suitably supported at its ends in the opposite side frames 50 of the key carriage;

Springs 6| connected to the intermediate levers 58 near their fulcrums assist the retracting springs 48 in .yieldingly holding their respectlve intermediate levers 5i} andthe thertoconnected linkages in their normal positions.

The forward ends of the intermediate levers 58 project through slots 62 in the front wall of the key carriage casing, the upper edges of such forward ends being faced to contact a cushioning and noise-deadening bar 84 of suitable material seated in a channel 65 formed by hanging the Power-dfiven type bar action The present invention relates particularly to improvements in Power-driven key or type bar To maintain the dip of the keys of all the banks uniform, each key lever 19 is provided at its inner end with a vertically extending arm I9 all of which arms are of equal length, and extend through guide slots 23 formed in the horizontal face of the cover plate, the upper ends of the arms projecting into limiting slots 24 formed in a guide plate 25 supported at its up posite ends on the vertical side brackets 25 secured at their lower ends to the cover plate 22.

Springs 21 yieldingly retain the key levers in, and return them to their normally elevated positions, determined by contact of the upper ends of the key levers with the rear end walls of the limiting slots 24, as shown in Fig. 3.

It is desirable to provide an even key touch wherein each key is depressible by the exertion of the same degree of pressure as every other key, and the difference in lengths of the key levers in the respective banks renders it necessary to provide restoring springs 21 of graduated tensions for the keys of such banks, the weakest set of springs being connected to the key levers 19 of the highest row, whose forward arms are shortest.

Furthermore the evenness of key touch requires that the manually operable keys, irrespective of their lengths, be depressed a like distance, to insure which, the limiting slots 24,

through which project the upper arms l9 of the key levers 19, are graduated in length in accordance with the lengths of the key levers, as shown in Figs, 9 and 10. The upwardly projecting arms of the longest key levers l9 appertinent actions, of the class embracing the U. S. patents to Schliins, Nos. 1,199,824, October l 3, 1916; 1,579,151, March 30, 1926; and to Schulze 1,789,- 661, January 20, 1931, wherein the former, manually operable key action constituting a connected train of linkage from the key lever to the type bar, is interrupted or formed of independently operable sections, one of which is a power-driven type bar action, and the other of which is a man ually operable key lever, pressure on which shifts the type bar action into engagement with the continuously actuated driving element I30.

In the present invention, each of the keys IS in each bank is mounted on the outer end of a key lever l9, (Figs. 3-6), joumaled at its inner end on a shaft 20 common to the keys of all banks. The ends of the key lever shaft 20 are mounted in the side frames 60 of the key carnage.

The particular key illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, for instance, is one in the lowest bank of keys, the forwardly extending arms of the key levers of the respectively higher banks, being successively shorter than the forwardly extending arms of the lowest bank to thus provide a stepped keyboard. The forwardly extending arms of the key levers 19 project through guide slots 2| formed in the depending flange at the forward edge of the cover plate 22.

to the lowest bank of keys enter the shortest limiting slots 24, the upwardly projecting arms of the shortest key levers appropriated to the keys in the highest bank entering the longest slots 24, the slots being arranged in groups, each group comprising a number of slots equal to the number of banks of keys.

The rear ends of the ting slots 24 lie in alignment, the difference in lengths of the slots being manifest at their forward ends.

The vertical arm of each key lever l9 carries a hooked drag link 28 having a loose connection with the key lever.

In the present instance, such connection is formed by providing the vertical arm of each keylever with a rearwardly projecting fork 29 open at its outer rear end to embrace a stud 30 projecting laterally from the forward end of the drag link. Springs 3| connected at their opposite ends to the respective drag links and to the associated vertical arms of the'key levers, yieldingly retain the studs 30 seated in the closed ends of the forks 29.

The drag links extend across the fluted shaft or drive member I30, the free, rearwardly extending nosesof the drag links being hooked to normally take over pins-32 projecting laterally from driving thrust links 40, each thrust link constiing the drag links into engagement with their Pins 32.

The free rear ends of the drag links project through and are retained in guide slots 81 formed in the upper edge of an arresting plate 84 extending between and supported by the opposite side brackets 26 on which the guide plate 25 is,

mounted. The rear ends of the drag links never wholly disengage their guide slots.

This arresting plate 84 lies at an angle divergent from the drive member I38. The bottom walls of the slots 81 limit the travel of the drag links in clockwise direction, (Fig. 4), under the influence of their springs 3|, during the operatlon of the machine. V

The power-operated thrust links 40 in the present illustration of the'invention, project upwardly past the opposite side of the rotary drive member I38 from that occupied by the vertical arms I! of the manually operated key levers l8, and lie tangentially to the drive member.

Certain of the ascribed objects of the invention are obtained by the particular type of means for transmitting power from the drive member to the intermediate levers 58 and their associated type bars vl5.

Thus the arrangement enables the delivery of an impulse to the intermediate lever 58, relieves strain on the lesssturdy elements, and effacts, in a reliable manner, the automatic disengagement or disconnection oi the driven member from the drive member at a predetermined point in a cycle of operations.

To these ends, each thrust link 40 constitutes one member of a toggle mechanism which also includes a radius arm 15 pivoted at 18 on the ,cover plate 22 of the carriage, to which arm the lower end of the thrust link i pivotally connected at 80, and a connecting or transmitting the radius arm and passing through an opening 18in the cover plate 22, the lower end of the connecting link being pivotally connected at H to the intermediate lever 58 by a stud and spring clip 12 or other convenient fastening.

It will be noted that the pivot ll, connecting the link 10 with the radius arm 15, is located at a distance from the axis of said arm greater the rod 18 and radius arms against displacement from the bed.

The walls of the respective transverse slots 18 of the bed ll serve as guides for'the several radius arms l5 which rock independently of each other on the fulcrum rod 16. Each radius arm" is conveniently embraced between the adjacent ends of its thrust link 40 and connecting link "Ill, whereby to promote freeden: of action of the parts. A tensioned spring 85' connected at one end to a toe "projecting forwardly from the lower end of the thrust link 4|), and at its opposite end to the vertical arm IQ of the key lever |8 normally holds the toggle mechanism in the flexed posi- .tlon shown in Fig. 3.

A multiple-toothed pawl 8|, roughlytriangular in shape, is mounted for limited movement on each thrustlink Ill above the pivot point 88, and

opposite the toothed, rotating drive member |3||.

bear against the flat surface of the inclined arresting plate 8, under the influence of the return spring 85, in which position the pawl is out of engagement with the drive member.

The forward edges of the pawls 8| facing the drive member I30, each have a lateral lug or offset 88, (Figs. '7, 8 and 11) extending across the front edges of their respective thrust links 48, and two teeth are formed across the combined thicknesses of the lug and the pawl, the outer edge or crest of the upper tooth being somewhat rounded as distinguished from the sharp-edged crest of {the lower tooth.

The rear face of the laterally extending lug 88 normally lies in substantial contact with a flat unrecessed P rtion of the forward edge of its associated thrust link 40, when the mechanism is in its normal or rest position, as shown in Figs. 3, 7 and 11, the lower end of the laterally extending lug 8B overhanging a clearance recess 88 in the front edge of its thrust link, the lower end of which recess forms a shoulder 90 engaged by the lower end of the lateral lug or offset 88 during the operation of the machine, to take the thrust and relieve the pivot pin 82 of strain.

By this arrangement, the trouble caused by breakage of the pawl pivot pins is largely if notwholly avoided.

The free upper or trailing ends of the thrust links 40 travelnp and down and rock in guide slots 8| formed in the rear edge of a transverse bar 92 supported at its ends in the opposite side brackets 26.

Operation With the parts in the normal positions, shown in Fig. 3, it will be seen that manual depression of a key 8, will rock its key lever l9 counterclockwise (in the drawings) on the bearing rod 28, and stress the key return springs 21, the drag link connecting spring 3|, and the thrust link return spring 85.

The key I8 is arrested at the end-of its depression by contact of the upper end of the vertical arm It of the key lever IS with the forward end of the limiting slot 24, there being sufficient resilience in the key lever to prevent a dead stoppage of the key at the end of the down stroke, and hence the key touch is relieved.

Also, by providing for the arrest of the manually operable keys l8 by contact of the vertical arms of the key levers I9 with the forward ends of the slots 24 upon depression of the keys, the weaker parts, suchas the drag-link and its connections, are relieved of strain. Jamming of the thrust links between the elements of the interlock (hereinafter explained), when keys are simultaneously depressed is also avoided.

Pull on the spring 3| draws the hooked drag link 28 forwardly and with it the corresponding thrust link 50, due to the engagement of the hooked drag link with the pin 32 on the thrust link 48, to straighten the toggle mechanism by moving the thrust link more nearly into alignment with its connecting link [0, and to engage the pawl 8| on the thrust link, with the rotating drive member I38, as illustrated in Fig. 5, wherein the parts are shown in their positions at the instant the pawl is engaged with the drive member.

The lower tooth of the pawl first enters the path of a rotating tooth of the drive member, the pawl being so located on the thrust link, by

reason of the incline of the arresting plate 84 with which the rear edge of the pawl normally is alined, that the lower tooth first moves into engagement with the drive member preferably at a point adjacent a horizontal plane containing the axis of rotation of the drive member.

The fiat face of the lower tooth is struck by that tooth of the fluted drive member beneath which the lower tooth lies as it is moved towards the drive member, the tooth of the drive member operating to rock the pawl 8| counterclockwise on-its pivot 82 (Fig. until the lower end of the lug or offset 88 of the pawl strikes against the shoulder 98 of the thrust link, the clearance 89 accommodating the rear edge of the lug 88 as the pawl rocks to its effective position.

As the pawl 8| rocks from its normal position,

the pawl 8| enters the gullet between the pawlrocking tooth and the succeeding tooth of the drive member, and the lower sharp-crested tooth disengages from the drive member.

When the lower end of the lug 88 of the pawl seats firmly against the shoulder 98 of the thrust link 48, the drive member |38 operates through the longer upper tooth of the pawl to apply power to the pawl which, in turn, transmits such power through its contact with the shoulder 88, directly to the thrust link 48, and since the thrust link is now nearly aligned with its connecting link 18, the power is transmitted in the form of a sharp impulse to the intermediate lever 58, in a manner closely approximating the I of said drive member with the center of the manual operation of a key lever, to operate the heretofore-described linkage and rock the type bar to effect an imprint of its type 41. r -In delivering the blow of the rotary drive member to the intermediate lever 58, the toggle mechanism travels in a substantially straight line tangential to the rotary drive member, the thrust and connectinglinks being held substantially in constant relative positions by the radius arm I5 rocking therewith, against the influence of the return spring 85 acting upon the toe 88 of the thrust link, the tension of which spring increases as the toggle mechanism is actuated by the drive member.

Since the pivot 14 is located at a distance from the axis of the arm 15 greater than the distance of the pivot 88 from said axis, the downward movement imparted to the pivot 14 and thereby to the link 18 will be substantially greater than the downward movement imparted to the thrust link 48 and to the pivot 88. It will be noted by reference to Figures 3 and 5, that, when the thrust link 48 and connecting link 18 .are in their uppermost positions ready to start a arranged that, as the links 48 and 18 approach a the end of their downward movement, as shown in Figure 4, the point of contact of the tooth on the rotating drive member with the upper tooth on the pawl, is brought into a position. relatively close to the line connecting the axis pivot 88.

The engagement of the longer upper tooth of the pawl 8| with the rotating drive member,

and the actuation of the pawl and thrust link.

by the drive member overcomes-the tendency of the return spring 85 to disengage the thrust The faced portion 83 on the trailing end of the thrust link 48 lies apart from its guide finger 94 throughout the greater part of the effective stroke of the type action, and does not contact its finger until near the end of the effective stroke when the radius arm 15 and its pivotal connection 88 have been rocked nearly to the lowest point, whereupon, as a result of the continued clutching action between the pawl and the drive member as the pawl rides down under the drive member, and also because ofthe shift towards the drive member imparted to the lower end of the thrust link by its radius arm, as the latter approaches its horizontal position, the faced edge 93 contacts its guide finger to guide the thrust link in its further longitudinal movement, and preserve the tangential relation of the links 48 and I8 relatively to the drive member I38.

As a result, the thrust link is moved longitudinally in a line tangent to the rotating drive member under the guidance of the radius arm 15 and of the guide finger 94 during the latter the type 41 with the platen ID or the work thereon.

At the completion of the disengagement of the pawl 8| from the drive member I38, the tensionecl return spring connected to the toe 86 of the thrust link 48, rocks the thrust link and pawl away from the drive member and holds them in such disengaged relation, as the spring 48 assisted by the spring 85, restores the parts to their nonnal positions of rest.

The pawl 8|, after having been rocked by its engagement with the drive member I38 to contact its lower end with the shoulder 98 of the thrust link, remains in such rocked position during -the remainder of the effective stroke, the pawl traveling downwardly and forwardly with the link under the dual influences of the clutching action between the pawl and drive member, andof the radius arm l5 as it shifts towards its horizontal position, until near the end of such effective stroke, the rear edge of the pawl being spaced apart from the inclined arresting plate 84, and lying at an angle thereto, as shown in Fig. 4.

As the return spring 85 rocks the thrustlink backwardly away from the drive member after the tangential disengagement of the pawl from the drive member, the rear edge of the pawl strikes the inclined face of the arresting plate 84 and is cammed thereby to rock in clockwise direction'back to its normal position relatively to its thrust link (Fig. 7), the pawl thereafter sliding up the inclined face of the arresting plate as the springs 48 and 85 complete the restoration of the parts to normal position.

The faced free end of the intermediate lever 58, by its contact with the cushioning stop 64, arrests the parts upon their return to normal positions.

It, will be particularly noted that the foregoing mechanism differentiates from the patents to Schliiris and to Schulze heretofore referred to, in that in-the patented structure, the fluted, rotary drive member exercises a pulling action on the type bar linkage, whereas the present arrangement exerts a driving or pushing force.

In the construction illustrated and described in this application, the pawl is' arranged to be automatically thiown or cast out of engagement with the drive member at a time when the pawl is nearly at the bottom of the rotation of the drive member. The parts are preferably arranged so that the pawl is cast off from the drive member when the point of contact of the drive member with the upper tooth of the pawl is adjacent the line connecting the center of the pivot 80 with the axis of the drive member, as stated above, and a little more or little less travel of the pawl with the drive member will have no material effect, thus avoiding the necessity-for the exact and careful adjustment required when the type action is pulled on its effective stroke. Also the most desirable point at which the cast off or disengagement of the pawl and drive member should be effected. can be readily secured by adjustment of the corresponding guide finger 94.

Key interlock A channel or groove 95 formed longitudinally of the guide bar 92 intersects the several guide slots 9| for the thrust links, a series of interlocking elements, as balls 96, being confined in the longitudinal groove, between adjusting members, as studs 91 (Figs. 9 and 10), projecting into the opposite ends of the groove and acting as pilots for springs 98 pressing against the balls at the respective opposite ends of the series, to center the series in the groove.

As is usual in this type of interlock, the combined space between the end balls of the series and the ends of the studs 91, is just equal to the width or thickness of a single thrust link 40, whereby to enable the interposition of a single thrust link between the balls, whichlwill be separated thereby into two series, each of which will be crowded towards its respective end of the groove until arrested by contact of the end ball in each series with the appropriate stud 91, whereupon the separated series of balls will present an unyielding wall against the entry of a second thrust link therebetween so long as the first-named thrust-link remains in its interposed po ition.

The above-described interlock is so arranged relatively to the throw of the thrust links 40, as to arrest the thrust links before the pawls 8| can engage the drive member I30.

By associating this interlock with the powerd'riven section of the key action rather than with the manually operable section thereof, the machine is capable of a far greater speed of operation, without any danger of piling up the type bars.

Also the operation of the machine is less fatiguing as the operator may, in effect, rest his hands on the keyboard as he operates the successive keys.

Indeed, with the interlock efiective upon the power driven section of the key action, it is possible to retain one or more manually operable key levers depressed, while operating the remaining keys, the continued depression of such manually operable key levers interfering in no manner with the operation of the other key actions, because the manually operable levers are not controlled by the interlock.

Simultaneous depression of two or more keys l8 will tension the springs 3| to advance their respective drag links 28 and rock the corresponding thrust links 40 until their forward edges contact the interlocking elements 96, whereupon the thrust links and their drag links 28 are arrested, but the connecting springs 3| permit the keys I8 to complete their full depressions, to preserve the touch, and prevent jamming the thrust links and the key interlock.

If, upon depression of a key I8, the flattened flank of the lower tooth of the pawl strikes the crest of one of the teeth of the rotary drive member I30, the spring 3| will yield to prevent the imposition of strain on .the parts, and will snap the pawl into mesh with the drive member as soon as the obstructing tooth of the latter escapes the lower tooth of the pawl.

Should the operator, intentionally or otherwise, maintain the key depressed throughout the power driven operation of the type action, no

harm will result.

The drive member I30 will, of course, propel the thrust link and itspin 32 downwardly away from the advanced drag link 28 to terminate the manual control of the thrust link, and the drag link will follow, due to the action of the spring 3|, until its rear end rests on the bottom of the slot 81 of the inclined arresting plate 84, in which position it will remain until the pin 32, on its return to normal with its thrust link 40, strikes the dwell 99 formed on the bill of the hooked drag link and swings the drag link upwardly about the pivot stud 30.

No repeat operation of this type action can occur until the operator releases the key to the action of its spring 21, which thereupon rocks the key lever I9 clockwise, and shifts the drag link rearwardly, the dwell 99 riding on the pin 32 until the hooked portion drops over the pin to again enable the key to control its thrust link.

.This play of the pawl up and down and back and forth has no effect on the operation of the type action and precision workmanship on the pawl is unnecessary.

Escapement control The intermediate lever 58, when rocked by the thrust imparted thereto by'the toggle mechversely extending shaft I44 suitably supported at its ends for rocking movement.

Depression of the universal ball against the tension of its'return spring I40 by any of the intermediate levers will rock the shaft I44 counterclockwise, and with it a rearwardly extending arm I45 connected by a. turn-buckle link I46 to the spacing pawl I41 of the escapement mechanism 33 to trip the latter, all as more fully disclosed in Patent 1,203,519. The carriage feed pinion I48 and carriage feed rack I48 are shown in Fig. 11, the rack being fast to the rear rail I4 of the line space frame I3.

The usual space bar I50, (Fig. 11), instead of directly tripping the escapement, as heretofore, is also arranged to control the escapement through the power drive mechanism of this invention.

To this end, the space bar is supported at the outer ends of a pair of arms I5I projecting forwardly from a shaft I52 extending horizontally between, and suitably journaled at its ends in the side frames 60 of the key carriage.

A spring I53 connected to a rearwardly projecting arm I54 on the space bar shaft I52 normally retains the space bar in elevated position, the arm I54 being recessed, as at I55, to accommodate and guide-the universal bail I42 when depressed by the intermediate levers 58.

A link I56 pivotally connects one of the forwardly projecting arms I5I with the forward arm I51 of an angle lever journaled on the same fulcrum rod with the key levers I 9, Is

The upwardly projecting arm I58 of the angle lever projects through a slot 23 in the cover plate 22, and the free end of the arm I58 is confined in a slot 24- in the coverplate ,25; a spring 21 operating in conjunction with the spring i53, to hold the vertical arm I58 at the rear end of the slot.

A stud 30 on the forward end of a drag link 28 loosely seats in a fork 29 formed on the vertical arm I58, a spring 3| retaining the stud yieldingly at the closed end of the fork, and also fitting the rear hooked end of the drag link over a pin 32 projecting laterally from a thrust link 40, the lower end of which link is pivoted, as at 80, to the free end of a radius arm I5 journaled on the fulcrum bar I6.

A spring 85 connected to the projecting toe 86 of the thrust link 40 and to the vertical arm I58, normally holds the thrust link withdrawn from the continuously rotating drive member E38." A toothed pawl BI, in all respects like the pawls on the thrust links corresponding with the keys I8, is pivoted at 82 to the space bar thrust link. which link co-acts with the key interlocking balls 88, and is supported and alined by the arresting plate 84 which limits rearward travel of all the thrust links 40. A connecting link I59 pivoted at I4 to the radius arm I5, depends through an opening I3 in the cover plate 22 and is bifurcated at its lower end, as at I60, to embrace a headed stud I5I projecting laterally from one of the arms M3 supporting the universal bail M2.

The bifurcation is of sufiicient length to enable the connecting link I59 to retain its engagement with the stud, when the universal bail supporting arm I43 is rocked by operation of. one of the intermediate levers 58, and a shoulder on the connecting link I59 is arranged to collide with the under face of-"the cover plate 22 ad- 'jacent the opening I3 to arrest the thrust link 40 against excess upward travel under the influence of the universal bar restoring spring I40.

Cushioning means I63 on the space bar or key I50 contacts the upperedge of the front bar of key carriage frame 60 when the key I50 is depressed against the tension of its return spring I53.

The space bar or key when so depressed, pulls the link I56 downwardly to rock the angle lever I51, I58 forwardly, which in turn, 'draws the drag link 28 forwardly, and tensions the spring link 3I.

The spring link rocks the thrust link 40 forwardly to bring it more nearly into alignment with its co-acting connecting link I59, and to engage the pawl 8| with the drive member I30, whereupon the pawl is rocked to seat its lug against the shoulder'80 on the thrust link, after whichthe drive member impels the thrust and connecting links downwardly to rock the arm I43, shaft I44, and arm I45 clockwise (Fig. 11), thus raising the turn buckle link I 46 to operate the spacing dog I 41, just as when a key I8 is depressed.

The pawl BI and thrust link 40 are automatically cast ofi from the drive member, as heretofore explained in connection with the description of the operation of a key I8, whereupon the spring rocks the thrust link away from the drive member, and with the assistance of the return spring I40, restores the power-driven parts to their normal positions.

Continued depression of the space key or bar I50 merely prevents the effective connection of the drag link 28 with the restored thrust link 40, the same conditions and advantages prevailing as heretofore explained.

Changes may be made in the form and arrangement of the several novel features heretofore set forth, without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.

What is claimed as new is:

1. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; and a driven member; of a link adapted to thrust against the driven member; a. pawl pivotally mounted on the thrust link; a key lever; means to releasably connect the key lever and the thrust link, to effect engagement of the pawl with the drive memher; and means on the thrust link, engaged by the pawl-as a result of its rotation relatively to the thrust link upon the engagement of the pawl with the drive member, to transmit the direct thrust of the drive member to the thrust link, and relieve the pawl pivot of strain.

2. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; of a type bar train, including a thrust link and a type bar; a

pawl pivotally mounted on the thrust link, and

having an offset; a shoulder on the thrust link with which the offset coacts; a key lever; and means to releasably connect the key lever and the thrust link,- to effect engagement of the pawl with the drive member, whereby, on such initial engagement, the drive member rotates the pawl to contact its ofiset with the shoulder on the.

the thrust link; a shoulder on the thrust link, normally located apart from the lower end of the lateral extension; and a key' lever to effect engagement of the pawl with the drive member, whereby initial rotation of the pawl relatively to the thrust link is arrested by contact of the lower end of the lateral extension with the shoulder on the thrust link, to transmit the thrust of the drive member to the type bar train, and relieve the pawl pivot of strain.

4. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; of a type bar train, includin a driving thrust link; a pawl mounted thereon; a rocking radius arm to which one end of the thrustrlink is pivoted; a type bar; a lever with connectionsto the typebar, and a connecting thrust link pivoted to the radius arm and the lever; means to rock the driving link about its pivot to effect engagement of the pawl with the drive member, whereby the driving link is brought into position to enable the drive member to deliver a direct thrust to the driving link to produce a thrust movement of the connecting link and thereby to actuate the lever to simulate a manual operation of the lever; and means for engaging the driving link to cause the disengagement of the pawl from the drive member.

5. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; of a rocking radius arm located on one side of the drive memher; a thrust link and a connecting link, the

adjacent ends of which are pivotally connected to the radius arm, the thrust link extending tangentially past the drive member, and carrying a pawl; a lever to which the opposite end of the connecting link is pivoted; a type bar; a linkage connecting the lever and type bar; a guide for the trailing end of the thrust link, and located on the opposite side of the drive member from the radius arm; a key lever; and means releasably connecting the key lever and thrust link to rock the latter towards the drive member; to engage the pawl with the drive member, at a point to one side of a vertical line through the center of the drive member, to enable the drive member to 1m,- part motion to the thrust and connecting links in the direction of their lengths, the pawl following downwardly around the drive member under control of the trailing end of the thrust link, and

the guide, to a point near the vertical center line caliy cast oft by the drive member by the movement imparted to the thrust link.

6. The adaptation of a power-drive to a keyoperated typ bar action, including a power-actuated drive member; a rocking radius arm located between the type bar action and the drive member; links arranged in tandem and respectively pivoted to the radius am, one of the tandem links arranged tangentially of the drive member, and carrying a pawl, the remaining tandem link pivotally connected to the type bar action; and means to move one of the tandem links transversely of its length, 'to engage the pawl with the drive member, and to enable the drive member to deliver a longitudinal thrust along the tandem links, and thereby operate the type action, to simulate a manual operation.

'7. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; of a type bar. linkage, including a type bar, a bell crank, a reversing lever, an intermediate lever and their connecting rods, a radius arm; a connecting link pivoted to the radius arm and to the intermediate lever, respectively; and a thrust link pivotally supported at one end on the radius arm and extending tangentially past the drive member; a pawl on the thrust link; a key lever to rock the thrust link and engage the pawl with the drive member; and a guide for the trailing end of the thrust link, which coacts with the radius arm in guiding the thrust and connecting links during the engagement of the pawl with the drive member, to enable the drive member to automatically cast off the pawl as the point of engagement of the drive member with the pawl approaches a vertical plane containing the axis of the drive member.

8. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; and a plurality of type bar linkages, each including a thrust link and pawl driven by the drive member; of a guide comb for the thrust links, the fingers of which comb may be variously positioned to enable an adjustment of the points of disengagement oi the pawls and the drive member under the impetus imparted to the thrust links by the drive member.

9. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; and a plurality of type bar linkages, each including a pivotally supported thrust link, and a pawl mounted on the thrust link; of key levers individual to the respective thrust links, and arranged in banks, the key levers of one bank difiering in length from the key levers of another bank; means to releasably connect the key levers and their thrust links; projecting arms on the key levers; and a plate having slots of varying lengths entered by the projecting arms of the key levers of varying lengths to afiord like extents of depression to the several key levers irrespective of their lengths.

10. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; and a type bar linkage, including a thrust link, and a pawl mounted on the thrust link; of a manipulative member; a hooked drag link carried thereby; a projection on the thrust link normally engaged by the hookoi the drag link, to enable the manipulative member to rock the thrust link and engage the pawl with the drive member, the drive member adapted to impel the thrust link in the direction of its major axis away from the-drag link; and means to rock the thrust link and its pawl away from the drive member, and to return the thrust link to its normal position, the nose of the drag link being of suificient length to lie in the path of, and be contacted by the projection on the thrust link on the return of 1 the latter, while the manipulative device remains depressed.

11. In a writing machine, the combination with a rotatable, power-actuated, toothed drive me'uber; and a type bar linkage, including a type bar; of means to transmit power from the drive member to the type bar linkage, including a thrust member connected with the type bar linkage, and having a thrust-sustaining bearing; a pawl shiitably mounted' on the thrust member, and normally spaced apart from the thrustsustaining bearing; and means to engage the pawl with the drive member, whereby the latter initially shifts the pawl to contact the thrustsustaining bearing, to enable the pawl to transmit power to the thrust member through the bearing.

12. In a writing machine, the combination -with a drive member; and a driven member;

of means to transmit power from the drive member to the driven member, including a aasaoae thrust member to actuate the driven member; a pawl pivoted on the thrust member, and normally out of engagement with time driven member; an abutment on the thrust member to limit travel in one direction of the pawl relatively to the thrust member; the pawl normally lying apart from theabutment; and means to engage the pawl with the drive member, whereby the latter initially shifts thepawl into contact with the abutment, to transmit motion to the thrust member through contact of the pawl and abutment, and thereby receive the pawl pivot of strain.

13. In a writing machine, the combination with a driven member; and a rotatable drive member; of means to'transrnit movement to the driven member from the drive member, including a toggle mechanism comprising a thrust link, a connecting link, and a rocking radius arm, the adjacent ends of the links being separately pivoted to the radius arm at respectively different distances from its axis of rotation; the l line" connecting the center of the pivotal connection between the thrust link and the radius arm with the axis of rotation of the drive member, so that continued movement of the drive member willicast off the pawl therefrom.

14. In a. writing machine, the combination with a driven member; and a rotatable drive member; of means to transmit movement from the drive to the driven member,.including a thrust link; a rocking radius arm to which the thrust link is pivoted, and means to connect the radius arm and the driven member; a pawl on the thrust link; a guide for the trailing end of the thrust link; and means to engage the pawl with the drive membenwhereby the latter, in its rotation, imparts endwise movement to the link and rocks the radius arm until the point of engagement of ,the pawl with the drive member lies adjacent the line connecting the cente of o e type action, the toggle including toggle links, and a ststionarily pivoted and including a pair of toggle links, anda stationarily fulcrumed radius arm interposed between the adjacent ends of the toggle links; the adjacent ends of thetoggle links being individually pivoted to the radius arm at relatively eccentric points; a pawl carried by one of the toggle links; means to rock the pawl-carrying toggle link in one direction with relation to its complementary toggle link, to engage the pawl and drive member; a guide for the trailing end of the pawl-carrying toggle link, cooperating with the radius arm to guide said link prior to the disengagement orthe pawl and drive member; and means to rock the pawl-carrying link in the opposite direction, away from the drive member, subsequently to the disengagement oi the pawl from the drive member.

18. In a power-driven writing machine, the combination with 'a type bar; and a drive member therefor; of power-transmitting means interposed between the type bar and the drive member, and normally disconnected from the drive member, including a toggle mechanism arranged tangentially alongside the drive member, the toggle mechanism comprising a pair or links; a stationarily pivoted radius to which one end of each of the links is individually pivoted; a pawl located on one of the links opposite the drive member; and means to rock the pawl-carrying link with relation to its co-acting link to enthe pivotal connection between the thrust ink .and radius arm with the axis of thedrive member, to enable the drive. member to cast oh the pawl. I f

15.In a writing machine, the combinatidn with drive and driven members; of mechanism and releasably connected to the toggle lever to actuate the latter to'engage the pawl with the drive member.

16.'In 'a writing machine, the combination with a type action; of power means to actuate I the type action, including a constantly rotating, toothed drive member; a toggle mechanism gage the pawl with the drive member at a point adjacent a horizontal plane through the center of the drive member on its driving side to enable the drive member to, an force to the toggle mechanism in a direction tangential to-t'he direction of travel of the drive mem-' tween the pawl carrying link and the radius arm with the axis of rotation of the drive member.

19. In a power-driven writing machine, the

combination with a. traveling carriage; a, relatively'statlonary support for the carriage; and an escapement to eflect a step-by-step feed of the carriage relatively to its support"; of a drive member mounted to rotate in the carriage and to travel therewith; sectional key actions mounted in the carriage to travel therewith, each key action including a manually operable section,

and a mechanically driven section, respectively,

the mechanically driven sections each including a type bar; means on each mechanically driven section for releasably engaging th drive ber, under'control of its co-related manually operable section, to enablethe drive member to actuate the type bar; means to return the mechanically driven section to normal position; a we from the power means motor on the relatively stationary a jack shaft driven from the motor; a power-transmitting element mounted to travel along the jack shaft; and connections between the power transmitting element and the drive member,, the connections and power-transmitting element shifting with the traveling carriage.

20. In a power-driven writing machine, the

mechanically driven sections each including a type bar; means on each mechanically driven section for releasably engaging the drive member, under control of its co-related manually operable section, to enable the drive member to actuate the type bar; means to return the mechanically driven section to normal position; a source of power on the relatively stationary support; and connections between the drive member and the source of power, and traveling with the carriage.

21. In a power-driven writing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage; a relatively stationary support for the carriage; and an escapement to effect a step-by-step feed of the carriage relatively to its support; of a drive member mounted to rotate in the carria e and to travel therewith; sectional key actions mounted in the carriage to travel therewith, each key action including a manually operable section, and

a mechanically driven section, respectively, the mechanically driven sections each including a type bar; means on each mechanically driven section to releasably engage the drive member under control of its co-related manually operable section, to enable the drive member to actuate the type bar; and means to return the mechanically driven section to normal position upon its release from the drive member; a motor on the relatively stationary support; a jack shaft driven from the motor; a power-transmitting element mountedto travel along the jack shaft; and connections between the power-transmitting element and the drive member, and shifting with the traveling carriage.

22. In a power-driven writing machine, the combination with a plurality of banks of manually operable keys arranged in different horizontal planes; key levers for the respective keys of each bank; a common fulcrum for the key levers, the key levers of successive banks from highest to lowest being respectively longer than the key levers of the preceding bank; a drive member; type bar actions appropriate to the respective keys; and means actuated by the respective manually operable key levers to positively engage the corresponding type bar actions with the drive member; of means to insure uniform depression of the keys of all banks to like extents irrespective of the difierentlengths of key levers, for the purpose of preserving the key touch, including arms of uniform length projecting from the respective key levers; and a motion-limiting plate having slots of difierent lengths to accommodate the projecting arms.

23. In a power-driven writing machine, the

combination with a drive member; of a plurality of banks of key actions, each key action including a manually operable key lever, and a mechanicaliy operated type bar action, the key levers of any bank differing in lengths from the key levers of any other bank; a common fulcrum for all keys; and means whereby, upon depression of the manually operable key levers, motion is transmitted to the corresponding key actions to engage the latter with the drive member; of means to maintain uniform the extent of depression of the keys of all banks notwithstanding differences in the lengths of the key levers, including arms projecting from the key levers; and stops graduated in correspondence with the lengths of the associated key levers, to limit the depressive movement of such levers.

24. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; and a driven member; of a normally idle thrust link to impart motion to the driven member; a pawl pivotally mounted on the thrust link; a key lever; means operable by the key lever to shift the thrust link to engage the pawl with the drive member; and means on the thrust link 'and contacted by the pawl when rotated on its pivot by the drive member as a result of its engagement therewith, to transmit the direct thrust of the drive member to the thrust link, and thereby relieve the pawl pivot of strain.

25. In a writing machine, the combination with a power-actuated drive member; and a driven member; of a normally idle thrust link to impart motion to the driven member; a pawl loosely connected to the thrust link; a key lever; means operable by the key lever to shift the thrust linkto engage the pawl with the drive member; and thrust-sustaining means on the thrust link against which the pawl is pressed incident to its engagement with the drive member. to transmit the direct thrust of the drive member to the thrust link, to relieve the pawl connection of strain.

26. In a writing machine, the combination with a type action; and a rotary, toothed drive member therefor; of a toggle mechanism arranged tangentially of the rotary drive member, and ineluding a pair of toggle links, and a stationarily fulcrumed radius arm interposed between the ad- J'acent ends of the toggle links; the adjacent ends of the toggle links being individually pivoted to the radius arm at difi'erent distances from its axis of rotation; a pawl carried by one of the toggle links; means to rock the pawl-carrying toggle link in one direction with relation to its complementary toggle link to engage the pawl and drive member; and means to rock the pawlcarrying link in the opposite direction with relation to the remainin toggle link, away from the drive member, subsequently to the disengagement of the pawl from the drive member.

2 7. In a power-driven writing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage; a relatively stationary support for the carriage; and an escapement to eifect a step-by-step, feed of the carriage relatively to its support; of a drive member mounted to rotatein the carria e and to travel therewith; sectional key actions mounted in the carriage to travel therewith, each key action including a manually operable section, and a mechanically driven section, respectively, the mechanically driven sections each including a type bar; means on each mechanically driven section to releasably engage the drive member under-control of its co-related manually operable section, to enable the drive member to actuate the type bar; a motor on the relatively stationary support; a jack shaft driven from the motor; a

power-transmitting element mounted to travel along the jack shaft; and connections between the power-transmitting element and the drive member, and shifting with the traveling carriage. 2 In a power-driven writing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage; a relatively stationary support for the carriage; and an,

tion including a manually. operable section, and

a mechanically driven section, respectively, the mechanically driven sections each including a type bar; means on each mechanically driven section to releasably engage the drive member under control of its co-related manually operable section, to enable the drive member to actuate the type bar; and means to return the mechanically driven section to normal position upon its release from the drive member; a. motor stationary in the direction or movement of the carriage to actuate the drive member and driving connections between said motor and the drive member, having means to accommodate the movement of the drive member with the carriage.

29. In a power-driven writing machine, the combination with drive and driven members: of a toggle lever to transmit motion from the-drive to the driven member, a pawl mounted on the toggle lever, and normally disconnected from the drive member, manually controlled means to actuate the toggle lever to engage the pawl with othe drive member; and means operable upon the toggle lever to limit the duration of engagement of the pawl and drive member, and eflfect disengagement thereof at a predetermined point in the rotation of the drive member.

30. A writing machine having, in combination, a power actuated drive member, a plurality of type bars, connections respectively for actuating the type bars from the drive member each including a, longitudinally movable link and a pawl engageable with the drive member and a guide and a pawl carried by said link for engaging the drive member and individually adjustable means for engaging respectively the trailing ends of the pawl carrying links to enable an adjustment of the points 01' disengagement of the pawls and drive member to be effected.

34. A writing machine having, in combination, a rotatable'power actuated toothed drive member, a series of type bars, mechanisms respectively for actuating the type bars from said toothed drive member each comprising a driving thrust link moved longitudinally from the 'drive member, a connecting thrust link moved longitudinally from the driving link, means for connecting and guiding the adjacent ends of said links, a pawl carried by the driving link for engaging the drive member to cause the drivemember to deliver a thrust to the driving and connecting links to actuate the corresponding type bar to engage the type with the work and a device for engaging the driving link to cause the disengagement of the pawl from the drive member.

35. A writing machine having, in combination, a rotatable power actuated toothed drive member, a series of type bars, connections respectively for actuating the type bars from said toothed drive member each comprising a driving thrust bar moved longitudinally by the drive member, a connecting thrust link moved longitudinally by the thrust bar, a pivoted member for connecting the adjacent ends of said link and said bar, a pawl carried by said thrust bar for engaging the drive member to cause the drive member'to deliver a the type with the work and a device for engaging thev driving bar to disengage the pawl from the drive member.

- -36. A writing machine having, in combination,

comb for said links having fingers for engaging the links adjustable in different positions. t adjust the points of disengagement or the pawls from the drive member.

31. A writing machine having, in combination, a power actuated drive member, a plurality or type bars, mechanisms respectively for actuating the type bars from said drive member each including a longitudinally movable link, a pawl loosely mounted on said link and arrangedto en-' gage the drive member and an abutment on said thrust of said drive member on the pawl to limit the free movement of the pawl when engaged with said drive member. Y

32. A writing machine, having, in combination,

a rotatable power actuated toothed drive member, a, series of type bars, connections respectively for actuating the type bars from said toothed drive member each comprising a pawl carrying'bar, a pawl loosely mounted onsaid bar for pivotal movement between certain limits, a thrust sustaining bearing on said bar for engaging the pawl link' arranged to' engage the pawl in the line of a rotatable power actuated drive member, a series of type bars, means for actuating a type bar from the drive member comprising a longitudinally movable driving link, a device carried by said link for engaging the rotatable drive member, a longitudinally movable transmitting link connected with the first link and with a type bar and substantially aligned with said driving link when in operationand connecting devices between said links arranged to-control the transmitting link to cause a relatively slow starting movement and a gradually accelerated movement to be imparted thereto from the first link to drive the transmitting link from the driving link at substantially its maximumispeed'adjacent the end of its type bar actuating movement.

37. A writing machine having, in combination, a drive member continuously rotated by power, a

plurality of type bars, means for actuating the type bars from the drive member, each comprising a longitudinally movable actuator thrust link, a'device connected with said link for engaging the rotatable drive member, a longitudinally movable transmitting thrust link connected with I said first link, a connection, between the latter link and a type bar and connecting means between said links arranged to actuate the transmitting link from the first link and to cause greater movement to be imparted to the transmitting link than the movement of the first link.

38. A writing machine having, in combination,

a continuously rotating power drive member, a series of type bars, means for actuating a type bar from'the drive member comprising a longitudinally movable thrust actuator arranged to be driven from said drive member, a radius arm pivoted to swing in the general direction of movement of the actuator, a pivotal connection between the actuator and the radius arm for swinging the arm, a transmitting thrust link, a pivotal rality of type bars, means for actuating the type bars from the drive member, each comprising an actuator'bar arranged to be driven longitudinally by said drive member, an arm pivoted to swing in the' general direction of movement of said actu- V ator bar, a pivotal connection between said actuator bar and the arm for swinging said arm, a longitudinally movable transmitting link connected with a type bar 'and substantially aligned with the actuator bar in operation and a pivotal connection between the transmitting link and said arm arranged to impart a relatively slow starting movement and a gradually accelerated movement to the transmitting link from the movement of the actuator bar and to drive the transmitting link at substantially its maximum speed adjacent the ends of its type bar actuating movement.

40. A writing machine having, in combination, a continuously rotated power drive member, a series of type bars, means for actuating a type bar from the drive member, comprising a longitudinally movable actuator .bar, a device connected with said actuator bar for engaging the rotatable drive member to impart longitudinal movements to said bar, an arm pivoted to swin in the general direction of movement of said actuator bar, a pivotal connection between the actuator bar and the arm for swinging said arm, a transmitting link connected with a type bar, arranged for longitudinal movement to actuate the type bar and substantially aligned with the actuator bar in operation and a pivotal connection between the transmitting link and the arm arranged to impart a relatively slow starting movement and-a gradually accelerated movement to the transmitting link in a type bar actuating direction and of greater magnitude than the movement of the actuator bar and to drive the transmitting link at substantially its maximum speed adjacent the end of its type bar actuating movement.

41. A writing machine having, in combination, a drive member continuously rotated by power, a plurality of type bars, means for actuating the type bars from the drive member, each comprising a longitudinally movable driving thrust link, means carried by said link for engaging the drive member to cause a thrust movement to be imparted to the driving link, a longitudinally movable transmitting thrust link connected with the driving link and with a type bar and devices connecting the driving link and the transmitting link for actuating the transmitting link from the driving link and controlling the transmitting link to cause a relatively slow starting movement and a gradually accelerated movement to be imparted thereto from the driving link.

4:22. A writing machine having,- in combination,

a rotatable power actuated drive member, a series of type bars, means for actuating the type bars from the drive member, each comprising a thrust actuator to which thrust movements are imparted by said drive member to actuate a type bar, a control arm pivoted to swing upon a fixed axis, a pivotal connection between said actuator and the arm for swinging said arm, a longitudinally movable transmitting thrust link connected with the type bar and a pivotal connection between the transmitting link and said arm arranged to impart a relatively slow starting movement and a gradually accelerated movement to the transmitting link from the movement of the actuator.

43. A writing machine having, in combination, a rotatable power actuated drive member, a plurality of type bars, means for actuating the type bars from the drive member, each comprising a thrust actuator, a device connected with said actuator for engaging the drive member to cause thrust movements to be imparted to the actuator, a control arm pivoted to swing upon a fixed axis, a pivotal connection between the actuator and said arm for swinging the arm, a transmitting thrust link connected with a type bar and a pivotal connection between the transmitting link and the arm arranged to impart a relatively slow starting movement and a gradually accelerated movement of greater magnitude than the movement of the actuator to the transmitting link to actuate the type bar.

44. A writing machine having, in combination, a rotary toothed power driven driver, a plurality of type bars, means for actuating the type bars from said driver, each comprising a thrust link, a tooth carried by the thrust link for engaging said driver, means for moving the thrust link transversely of its length to engage the tooth with the driver and a device for engaging the trailing end of said link to cause the disengagement of the tooth from the driver.

45. A writing machine having, in combination, a continuously rotated toothed power drive member, a series of type bars, means for actuating the type bars from the drive member, each comprising a longitudinally movable thrust link, a projection carried by said link for engaging the drive member, means for pivotally supporting the link at its forward end to enable the same to swing toward and from the drive member, mechanism, for swinging the link about the pivot at its forward end to engage the projection carried thereby with the drive member and a device for engaging the trailing end of the link to cause the disengagement of the projection from the drive member.

46. A writing machine having, in combination, a rotary toothed power driver, a plurality of type bars, means for actuating each of the type bars from the driver comprising a driving thrust link, toothed means carried by said link for engaging the driver to cause thrust movements to be imparted to said link, a radius arm pivoted on a fixed axis to which arm the forward end of said driving link is pivoted, a transmitting thrust link pivoted to the radius arm, means for swinging the driving link about its pivotal connection with the radius arm to engage said toothed means with the driver, a connection between the transmitting link and the type bar and means arranged to be engaged by the trailing end of the driving link to control said link to disengage said toothed means from the driver.

47. A writing machine having, in combination,

a continuously rotated toothed power drive memthrust link, a connection between the transber, a series of type bars, mechanism for actlmtmitting link and a type bar and means positioned ing each of' said type bars comprising a. driving to be engaged by the trailing end of the driving thrust link, a projection carried by said link for link for disengaging the projection carried thereengaging the teeth of the drive member, a trans- 5 by from the drive member.

mitting thrust link connected with said first OSCAR J SUNDSTRAND. 

